近日，中国地质调查局矿产资源研究所郭春丽研究员，通过对同时代、同空间、同源区的千里山花岗岩体和花岗斑岩岩墙群的SIMS锆石U-Pb定年、LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石Hf和SIMS锆石O同位素分析，发现早侏罗世154.3~151.6 Ma期间形成的岩体和岩墙具有非常一致的锆石εHf(t)值和δ18O值范围（−11.1~−5.1和+8.3‰~+10.4‰），但是两者的锆石εHf(t)和δ18O值的频数分布特征具有显著的差异。花岗斑岩岩墙群的εHf(t)和δ18O均具有双峰式的分布形式（两个峰值分别为−9.5和−5.7、+9.5‰和+8.9‰），千里山岩体具有宽泛且连续的εHf(t)分布形式和正态的δ18O分布形式（峰值为+9.1‰）（图1）。造成这种现象的原因，是不均匀的地壳源区物质在部分熔融过程中产生了两个批次具有不同Hf–O同位素特征的长英质岩浆，其中一部分岩浆沿着深大断裂带快速上升形成了岩墙群，而另一部分汇聚于上地壳的岩浆储库中经历了混合作用形成了花岗岩体（图2）。在Hf和O同位素扩散速率一致的情况下，岩墙中的岩浆来不及发生充分的混合作用，因此其锆石记录的同位素特征能有效地反映两批次岩浆的原始特征。该研究表明相对同源的岩体来说，岩墙是追溯原始岩浆同位素特征的更加有效岩石学探针。

随着数据的积累，越来越多的研究发现绝大多数单一花岗岩体普遍呈现出变化大于5 εHf单位的同位素值，这一普遍现象引起了岩石学家的广泛兴趣，并引发了热烈的讨论。已有五种成因模式包括：①幔源和壳源岩浆的混合；②围岩混染；③单一源区不平衡熔融；④继承锆石Hf扩散；⑤物理和化学性质差异大的壳源岩浆混合。本研究对于宽泛且连续的锆石Hf同位素值形成的原因也进行了讨论并提出一种新的成因模式，即物理和化学性质相似的壳源岩浆在岩浆房内发生充分的混合，就可以导致单一花岗岩体中出现宽泛且连续的锆石Hf同位素值。

花岗岩是地球大陆地壳的重要组成部分，是地球区别于太阳系内其他行星的重要标志。这一研究成果为揭示花岗岩的物质来源提供了新的有力佐证，将广泛应用于花岗岩的成因机制研究。该项目受到国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0600208）和国家自然科学基金面上项目（41773028）的资助。

 

图1. (a) 花岗斑岩岩墙的锆石δ18O-εHf(t)相关图. (b) 千里山花岗岩体的锆石δ18O-εHf(t)相关图. (c) 花岗斑岩岩墙的锆石εHf(t)频率分布图. (d) 千里山花岗岩体的锆石εHf(t)频率分布图. (e) 花岗斑岩岩墙的锆石δ18O频率分布图. (f) 千里山花岗岩体的锆石δ18O频率分布图. (c–f)中的插图是年龄加权平均图.

 

图2. 花岗斑岩岩墙和千里山花岗岩体由花岗斑岩岩墙补给形成的概念模式图. 两个性质不同的下地壳端元源区分别用黄色和红色表示；两个下地壳端元源区发生部分熔融形成岩浆中结晶的锆石分别用黑色和白色表示；两端元岩浆混合而成的岩浆房用桔黄色表示，其中高分异岩浆用粉红色表示. 具有黑色和白色环带的锆石是岩浆房中两个端元岩浆发生混合的结果。

Chunli Guo, Simon Wilde, Robert Henderson, Qiuli Li, Bing Yin. 2020. Cogenetic dykes the key to identifying diverse magma batches in the assembly of granitic plutons. Journal of Petrology. DOI: 10.1093/petrology/egaa105.

论文连接：https://academic.oup.com/petrology/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/petrology/egaa105/6030954

近日，青岛海洋地质研究所在洋内裂谷作用研究方面取得新进展。研究成果以《Intraoceanic active rifting revealed by deep seismic reflection imaging in the southern Bay of Bengal, northeastern Indian Ocean》为题发表于地球科学领域国际权威期刊《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》上。

研究团队通过调查，在孟加拉湾南部获取到深反射多道地震剖面，剖面清晰地揭示了该地区地壳-上地幔地震反射结构。在平行于古海底扩张方向的地震剖面上，发现了与典型正常洋壳结构不同的异常洋壳区域。通过分析，认为这是一次短暂的弱地幔上涌引起的年轻洋壳破裂，异常洋壳结构记录了洋内主动裂谷从开始到夭折的全过程，这为大洋中普遍存在的洋中脊跃迁等过程提供了最直观的范例。

本项研究由青岛海洋地质研究所联合柏林自由大学、巴黎文理大学学者共同完成。研究得到崂山实验室科技创新计划、山东省自然科学基金、中国地质调查局地质调查项目、国家自然科学基金重点基金等项目的共同资助。

地幔上涌引起的洋内主动裂谷作用模式 

因为这场盛会，第26次与你相遇。

老朋友、老地方，让对话与交流如此融洽，也让共识与信任更加稳固。在这里，我们一起见证矿业的繁荣兴盛，也共同经历矿业的凛冽寒冬；感触矿业深度调整的强劲脉搏，也洞见矿业壮阔前行的美好未来。

25年，崎岖成大道，阡陌变通途。中国国际矿业大会一路成长、日臻完善。借助这方平台，中国矿业以开阔的胸襟、开放的姿态，加强与国际矿业的沟通融合，以一次次充分的对话，促成一次次多赢的合作。国际合作路径从无到有，多领域交流平台从小到大。一个更加绿色、更加安全、更加和谐、更加智能、更加高效的现代矿业，精彩于世界舞台，吸引了越来越多的志同道合者。

作为全球规模最大、最具影响力的矿业展会之一，中国国际矿业大会无疑是全球矿业发展一个非常重要的风向标和晴雨表，从中可以一窥国际矿业发展的风云变幻、大势所向。

我们看到，合作仍是一大主题。经过25年的发展，中国国际矿业大会已成为国内外矿业企业参与矿业国际产能合作、实现共赢发展的重要平台。以“共促矿业合作 共创美好未来”为主题，本届大会一如既往聚焦开放合作，推进践行共建“一带一路”倡议，旨在促进和深化国际矿业合作，实现互利共赢。

我们看到，“朋友圈”在持续扩大。本届大会迎来30多个国家、地区和国际组织的来宾，近400家国内外参展商参展，近万名参会代表和专业观众参加大会，表现出高涨的热情。

我们看到，矿业发展前沿在突破。1场主题论坛、5场高层论坛、18场专题论坛和13场专场推介将次第拉开帷幕……矿业领域的新进展、新动向、新趋势将在这里分享碰撞，矿业领域的新理论、新技术、新方法将在这里交流展示，矿业领域的新认识、新成果、新经验将在这里积淀呈现。

此时此刻，世界的目光再一次聚焦中国、聚焦矿业。

这是一个传统而不断焕新的行业。

矿产资源是经济社会发展的重要物质基础，矿业已成为全球经济不可或缺的重要力量。时至今日，矿业的基础性地位依然没有改变，并在加快经济社会全面绿色转型中扮演着关键角色。

当前，世界进入新的动荡变革期，全球经济复苏动能不足，全球矿业发展依然面临诸多挑战。

无疑，这一形势将进一步加速全球矿业格局的深刻变革，世界各地正同此冷暖。

面对严峻复杂的国际环境以及全球矿业供需格局的深化调整，构建矿业命运共同体、深入推进国际合作是当务之急。与人类经济社会发展深度交融的矿业，只有在全球范围可持续的交流合作中才能得以发展繁荣。让不同国家、不同阶层、不同人群都能从资源的可持续和绿色开发中受益，始终是发展矿业的终极目标。

历史经验也证明，世界上没有哪个国家能够完全依赖本国的矿产资源满足自身所有的需求。矿产资源分布与利用的不均衡性，决定了必须通过加强国际交流与合作，实现更广泛更深层次的能源资源互补与共赢。

多年来，我国矿业行业秉持互利共赢的原则，与世界很多国家在矿产资源勘查开发方面开展了卓有成效的合作，将绿色技术、绿色标准、绿色经验带到国外，把数字矿山、智能矿山、绿色矿山建到国外，有序推进新能源产业链合作，积极探索矿业高质量发展的共赢之路。与此同时，致力于形成开放稳定的国际矿产品市场，完善资源勘查开发合作机制，构建安全高效的矿产资源保障体系。

我们有理由相信，矿业领域这样的合作还将持续，并不断深入。本届大会推出多个高质量论坛、专场推介等环节，正是有意促成国家与地区之间、产业之间、产业内部之间的开放与合作，形成多方合作共赢及方式多元的发展模式。

如今的中国矿业，早已放弃不可持续的粗放式的发展模式，更加开放与现代，也更加理性与负责——注重数字技术的赋能、产业革新的裂变，注重资源安全与生态环境的统筹、矿山建设与绿水青山的协同。

事实上，当前中国经济增长展现出的强大韧性和向好态势，不仅为全球经济增长注入稳定力量，也让矿业经济信心回归的步伐更加坚定。2024年1-7月，我国采矿业固定资产投资同比增长19.3%，涨幅较年初扩大了4.9个百分点，明显高于2023年全年的2.1%，延续了良好的增长势头。

显然，这又是一个积极信号，对于推动中国矿业乃至全球矿业经济发展与繁荣具有重要的意义。

志合者，不以山海为远。让我们再一次紧紧相拥，于本次大会中预判不确定性中的确定性，摸准矿业生生不息的新脉动，捕捉矿业转型发展的新机遇，深化交流合作，共促矿业繁荣，为实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化、构建人类命运共同体贡献更多的矿业力量、矿业智慧、矿业方案。

以此为坐标，播种下希望，共赴一场关于矿业、关于人类美好未来的时间之约吧！

Because of this event, we meet for the 26th time.

Old friends and old places encourage cordial dialogues and foster robust consensus and trust. Here, we have observed the growth and expansion of the mining industry, as well as the challenges and setbacks it has faced. We have gained insight into the mining industry's strong pulse of deep adjustment and have seen the potential for its continued advancement.

25 years of hard effort have transformed rugged paths into paved avenues and challenging terrain into accessible routes. The China Mining Conference and Exhibition has undergone considerable growth and improvement over time. Through this platform, China's mining industry has endeavored to enhance its communication and integration with the international mining industry with an open mind and a spirit of openness, striving to foster a mutually beneficial and win-win partnership through constructive dialogue. The international cooperation path has evolved from a nascent concept to a tangible reality, while the multidisciplinary exchange platform has expanded from a modest beginning to a significant presence. A greener, safer, more harmonious, smarter, and more efficient modern mining industry is a valuable asset on the world stage, attracting more and more like-minded professionals.

As one of the world's largest and most influential mining exhibitions, the China Mining Conference and Exhibition is an invaluable barometer of global mining development, providing vital insights into the international mining landscape, and a comprehensive overview of the latest trends.

We can see that collaboration remains a pivotal focus. Over the past 25 years, the China Mining Conference and Exhibition has evolved into a major platform for domestic and international mining enterprises to engage in international cooperation in production capacity in the mining industry, fostering mutually beneficial partnerships. This year's conference, themed "Promoting Mining Cooperation and Creating a Better Future", maintains a focus on openness and cooperation while furthering the "Belt and Road" initiative, aiming to facilitate and enhance international mining collaboration and foster mutually beneficial outcomes.

We can see that the circle of friends continues to expand. This year's conference welcomes the participation of more than 30 countries, regions, and international organizations, nearly 400 domestic and foreign exhibitors, and nearly 10,000 delegates and professional audience members, showing high enthusiasm.

We can see that the frontiers of development are being pushed to new heights. Over the course of this event, we will witness the launch of a comprehensive program that includes 1 theme forum, 5 high-level forums, 18 thematic forums, and 13 special promotions. New developments, trends, and directions in the mining industry will be shared and collided here. New theories, technologies, and methods in the mining industry will be exchanged and displayed here. New understanding, achievements, and experiences in the mining industry will be accumulated and presented here.

At this juncture, the world's attention is once again focused on China and the mining industry.

This is a traditional but continually evolving industry.

Mineral resources serve as a cornerstone for economic and social progress, and the mining industry stands firm as a vital and indispensable pillar within the global economy. To this day, The foundational role of mining remains unshaken, and it plays an important part in catalyzing a comprehensive green transformation of our economic and social landscapes.

In the present moment, the global economy is entering a new period of turbulence and change, and the current momentum of global economic recovery is insufficient. The development of the global mining industry still faces various challenges.

Undoubtedly, this complex situation will accelerate the profound shifts in the global mining dynamic, with the whole world facing similar challenges.

In light of the challenging and intricate international environment and the deepening realignment of the global mining supply and demand dynamics, it is crucial to foster a collaborative mining community and promote international cooperation. The mining industry, deeply intertwined with the economic and social development of humanity, can only flourish and develop through sustainable global exchanges and collaborative efforts. It has always been the ultimate goal of mining development to ensure that diverse nations, classes, and individuals benefit from sustainable and green resource development.

Historical evidence has demonstrated that no single country can rely solely on its own mineral resources to meet all its needs. The uneven distribution and utilization of mineral resources necessitate that a broader and more profound complementarity and win-win situation in energy resources be achieved through enhanced international dialogue and cooperation.

Over the years, China's mining industry, adhering to the principle of mutual benefit, has engaged in fruitful collaborations with numerous countries worldwide in the exploration and development of mineral resources, introduced green technologies, standards, and experiences abroad, built digital, intelligent, and green mines abroad, promoted the cooperation of the new energy industry chain in an orderly manner, and actively explored the win-win solution of high-quality development in mining industry. At the same time, we are committed to forming an open and stable international mineral market, improving the cooperation mechanism for resource exploration and development, and constructing a safe and efficient mineral resources guarantee system.

We are confident that such collaborative efforts in the mining sector will persist and intensify. This year's conference, with its array of high-quality forums and special promotions, aims to contribute to the opening up and cooperation between countries and regions, inter-industries, and intra-industries, fostering a multi-party win-win solution and a diversified development model.

Today, China's mining industry has long abandoned its unsustainable and rudimentary development model, evolving to be more open, modern, rational, and responsible. The initiative prioritizes the advancement of digital technology and the acceleration of industrial innovation, the integration of resource security with ecological environments, and the collaborative development of mine construction with the protection of lucid waters and green mountains.

In fact, the strong resilience and positive trends currently demonstrated by China's economic growth not only provide a stabilizing force for global economic advancement but also reinforce confidence in the mining economy's recovery. From January to July 2024, China's investment in the mining industry's fixed assets increased by 19.3% year-on-year, which is a 4.9% rise compared to the beginning of the year and significantly higher than the 2.1% growth for the full year of 2023, thus maintaining a strong growth trajectory.

This is undoubtedly another positive signal, which is of great significance for promoting the development and prosperity of China's mining industry and, by extension, the global mining economy.

Those who share the same vision are not separated by mountains and oceans. Let us once again embrace each other tightly, foresee the uncertainties within the certainties, feel the new pulse of the mining industry, seize the new opportunities for its transformation and development, deepen cooperation and communication, promote mining prosperity together, strive for the modernization of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature, and contribute to building a community of shared destiny, offering more mining power, wisdom, and solutions in this conference.

Let us use this conference as a point of reference to plant the seeds of hope, and embark on a journey towards a promising future for the mining industry and for humanity as a whole!

近日，中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所（以下简称“物化探所”）能源与深地探测研究团队针对喜马拉雅造山带中部地区壳内结构和物质状态取得新认识。该成果以“Magnetotelluric Imaging of the Central Himalayan Crust Away From Rift Zones”为题发表于国际SCI期刊《Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems》。

57个百万年以来，印度与欧亚大陆持续碰撞形成了雄伟的喜马拉雅造山带。研究喜马拉雅造山带的壳内结构和物质状态对认识大陆碰撞挤压形变机制具有重要的科学意义。然而，目前对喜马拉雅造山带的地壳结构和物质状态特征还存在逆冲模式、韧性通道流模式等不同的认识。

研究团队利用喜马拉雅造山带中部远离南北向裂谷带的区域采集了新的大地电磁测深数据，结合已有数据通过三维反演首次获取了穿过整个喜马拉雅造山带的电性结构模型（图1）。研究结果显示，喜马拉雅造山带中部冈底斯成矿带的中下地壳并不存在大范围部分熔融物质，北喜马拉雅的壳内物质没有呈现管道流的状态，推断或以逆冲叠置的方式向南迁移，或部分熔融之后发生了冷凝。主喜马拉雅逆冲断层斜坡对中上地壳物质的形变和抬升作用不可忽视，沿着该斜坡的逆冲叠置过程使壳内物质向上部转移，加厚了喜马拉雅地壳，并有助于北喜马拉雅片麻岩穹窿的形成，浅部构造响应与深部地壳俯冲形态之间存在较强耦合关系。

该研究受地质调查项目和国家自然科学基金项目联合资助。

图1. 穿过喜马拉雅造山带中部的电性结构模型（LMF: 罗巴堆-米拉山断裂, DF: 达纳普断裂, GT: 冈底斯逆冲断裂, YZS:雅鲁藏布江缝合带, STDS:藏南拆离系, MCT:主中央逆冲断裂, MBT:主边界断裂; MHT: 主喜马拉雅逆断裂）

　　谢学锦，勘查地球化学家，中国勘查地球化学的开拓者和奠基人。1923年5月21日生，1941-1945年在浙江大学物理系、化学系学习，1946-1947年重庆大学化学系毕业。1950-1952年任南京矿产测勘处实验室技术员，1952年调地质部参加地球化学探矿室的筹建工作，1954年任地球化学探矿研究室主任，1980-1983年任副所长，1983年至今任名誉所长。1980年当选中国科学院学部委员（院士），历任中国地质学会理事、中国地质学会勘查地球化学专业委员会主任委员、联合国教科文组织国际地质对比计划执行局委员，国际《地球化学勘查》杂志主编，现任国际《地球化学勘查  环境  分析》杂志和《地球化学勘查》杂志编委，国际地质标准通讯区域编委，国际地科联全球地球化学填图工作组指导委员会委员、分析技术委员会主席。

　　主要成果有：发现铜矿指示植物海州香薷，与苏联学者并驾齐驱的热液矿床原生晕分带序列，国际领先水平的中国地球化学填图和金矿勘查的理论与方法技术，泛滥平原沉积物作为全球地球化学填图采样介质，地球化学块体理论，深穿透地球化学理论与方法技术，“迅速掌握全局，逐步缩小靶区”的矿产勘查新战略。

　　发表论文百余篇、专著三部，2007年获国际勘查地球化学界最高奖-应用地球化学家协会金奖，获何梁何利基金2002年度科学与技术进步奖。代表作有《铜矿指示植物海州香薷》，《区域化探》，《金的勘查地球化学》，《地球化学块体—概念和方法学的发展》，《全球地球化学填图》，《Geochemical Reference Samples, Drainage Sediment GSD 1-8 from China》，《Regional Geochemistry-National Reconnaissance Project in China》，《Some Problems, Strategical and Tactical in International Geochemical Mapping》，《Geochemical Patterns from Local to Global》、《Analytical Requirements in International Geochemical Mapping》，《The Suitability of Floodplain Sediment as Global Sampling Medium: Evidence from China》，《Empirical Prospecting, Scientific Exploration and Information Exploration》，《Global geochemical mapping and its implementation in the Asia-Pacific region》。